ABSTRACT This paper chronicles the development of public 11brary service in Middletown, New York from 1901-1996. In January 1901 Thrall Library opened for business and was in continuous use for more than ninety-four years. This building was constructed as a result of the philanthropy of S. Maretta Thrall, a wealthy Middletown widow. Many changes occurred in public library service throughout these years including the library's administration, collection size, budget, staff, and services offered to the public. In February 1995 the "new" Middletown Thrall Library opened for business with a new director and a new era in library history in Middletown began.